colvin



Oct. 18, 1960 J. w. COLVIN CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8. 1958 '5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 18, 1960 J. w. COLVIN 2,956,742

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8. 1958 {Shuts-Sheet 2 0a. 18, 1960 J. w. coLvlN 2,956,742

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8. 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Oct. 18, 1960 J. w- COLVIN CALCULATING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Dec. 8. 1958 Oct. 18, 1960 Y J. w. COLVIN 56,7

CALCULATING mxcams Filed nm a. 1958 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 N v iv] CALCULATING MACHINE James W. Colvin, Wiiliamsburg, 'Va., assignor to Friden, Inc, a corporation of California Filed Dec. 8, 1958, Ser. No. 778,865

9 Claims. (Cl. 235-63) This invention relates to a division mechanism for a calculating machine, and more particularly to a mechanism for direct automatic alignment of the dividend and divisor in such a machine as part of an automatic division operation.

In performing division operations on calculating machines of the type having relatively shiftable dividend and divisor receiving devices, it has been necessary in the past for the operator of the machine to enter the dividend and the divisor factors into the machine and then manually control the shift of the factor receiving devices relative to one another until the factors are brought into proper alignment before beginning an automatic division operation. The division mechanism is then set into operation by manipulation of a suitable control key, or lever, and the machine proceeds to divide the dividend by the divisor in a fully automatic manner Without requiring any further attention on the part of the operator.

There is a small group of patents, owned by one of the American manufacturers of calculating machines, Which relate to mechanism for automatically aligning the divisor and the dividend prior to the actual initiation of the division operation. The machines of this manufacturer utilize the invention disclosed in the patent to Machado No. 2,653,765 of September 29, 1953. This mechanism involves the use of the regular division mechanism, with simulated overdrafts in each subtractive cycle of operation, 50 that the machine acts through a subtraction, additive correction, and a shift cycle of the carriage to the right for each order that the two factors are out of alignment. Other patents in this same field are those of Allen No. 2,365,507 of December 19, 1944, Ellerbeck No. 2,653,762 of September 29, 1953, Hopkins Nos. 2,653,763, 2,653,764 of September 29, 1953 and No. 2,666,580 of January 19, 1954, Davis No. 2,722,377 of November 1, 1955 and Hopkins No. 2,809,786 of October 15, 1957. The present invention relates to an improved mechanism of the type disclosed by these patents in that it shifts in either direction and in a series of continuous shifting cycles to shift the carriage directly to the proper order to initiate a division operation.

The instant invention deals with an improved mechanism for sensing whether either the dividend or the divisor extends to the left beyond the other, and then bringing the highest order of the dividend and divisor factors into alignment by direct and continuous shifting of the carriage to the right or to the left for the necessary number of orders prior to the initiation of the normal division operation.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a mechanism for automatically aligning the dividend and divisor factors in a calculating machine by causing the register carriage thereof to be automatically shifted directly to the right or left, one ordinal step per machine cycle, to properly align the highest orders of the dividend and divisor.

It is another object of the present invention to provide an improved means for automatically delaying the initi- States Patent ICC ation of an automatic division operation until the highest orders of the dividend factor and the divisor factor are properly aligned, which alignment is secured in a more rapid and direct manner than is now possible.

A further object of the instant invention is to provide an improved mechanism for automatically carrying out the division operation by first causing the carriage to be shifted directly to the right or to the left, in an uninterrupted series of shifting operations, to properly align the dividend and divisor factors; then terminating the shift operation; and, finally, automatically initiating operation of the division mechanism of the machine and thereby dividing the dividend factor by the divisor factor in an uninterrupted series of sequential operations.

These and other objects will become apparent to one skilled in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation showing the selection and actuating mechanism, with certain parts removed to more clearly show the invention, the view being taken along a plane generally indicated by line 11 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a left side elevation of the right-hand control plate, showing the parts of the division mechanism which are mounted thereon, and particularly the means for initiating the aligning of the dividend and divisor, this view being taken along a plane substantially as indicated by line 22 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the carriage shifting and actuating means, the view being taken on the planes indicated by the lines 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of the carriage of the machine, showing particularly the sensing mechanism of the present invention, and

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a part of the sensing mechanism of the preferred form of the present invention, with certain associated parts removed to more clearly show the invention.

The machine to be hereinafter shown and described is basically the same as the calculating machine shown in U.S. Patent No. 2,229,889, issued to Carl M. F. Friden on January 28, 1941, and hence, only so much of the mechanism shown and described in the above-mentioned patent will be set forth herein as is necessary for a complete understanding of the manner in which the present mechanism is related to that shown in the afore-mentioned patent. Similarly, the automatic division mechanism herein employed is essentially as illustrated in US. Patent No. 2,327,981, issued to Carl M. F. Friden on August 31, 1943, and US. Patent No. 2,403,273, issued to Carl M. F. Friden on July 2, 1946. Therefore, only those parts of the automatic division mechanism which are directly concerned with the present invention will be described, reference being made to the above patents for a complete understanding of the division mechanism. Also, the carriage shift mechanism employed in the present invention is similar to that described in U.S. Patent No. 2,636,678, issued to Morton P. Matthew on April 28, 1953, and therefore reference is made to this patent for a further understanding of the complete carriage shift mechanism.

Although the invention is shown in connection with a calculating machine of the type disclosed in the abovementioned patents, it is not intended that its use should be confined to a machine of this type since it is obvious that the underlying principles thereof may be advantageously applied to other types of calculating machines.

SELECTION AND ACTUATING MECHANISM The conventional machine of the aforementioned patents includes a selection mechanism (Figs. 1 and 4) comprising a plurality of ordinally arranged rows, or orders, of value keys 11, each of which is supported for vertical movement in a keyboard frame 12. The value keys 11 are urged to their raised position by means of suitable springs, as shown. The lower end of each key stem carries a stud 13 which is adapted to cooperate with one of the differentially inclined cam faces 14 positioned on the slide 16, or one of the cam faces 15 positioned on slide 17. There are two selection slides 16 and 17 associated with each order of keys, slide 17 serving the 1 to keys, and slide 16 serving the 6 to 9 keys, as is conventional in the machine of the above-mentioned patents. Each slide is supported for endwise reciprocating movement below the keyboard by means of a pair of parallel arms 18, as shown in Fig. 1. The selection slides 16 and 17 are provided at their rearward ends with yokes 19 and 20, respectively (see also Fig. 3), which engage grooves provided in the hubs of a pair of selection gears 22 and 23. The selection gears 22 and 23 are slidably but nonrotatably mounted on square shafts 24 which are suitably journalled in crossframe members 26, 27 and 28. These crossframes, which extend transversely across the machine, are secured between a right side frame plate 29 and a left side frame plate 30.

The selection gears 22 and 23 are arranged to cooperate with Thomas-type actuators 32 secured to actuator shafts 33 which are journalled between the crossframe members 26 and 27. Each shaft 33 is driven by a bevel gear 34 affixed to its forward end, which gear engages a cooperating bevel gear 36 secured on a unidirectional drive shaft 37. A spool 38 is slidably and nonrotatably mounted on the rear end of each square shaft 24, each spool being provided with an add gear 39 and an oppositely disposed subtract gear 41. These gears are arranged to cooperate selectively with accumulator gears 42, secured to the lower end of an accumulator dial shaft 43, the latter being suitably journalled in the framework of the shiftable numeral wheel carriage 44. Secured to the upper end of each dial shaft 43 is a numeral wheel, or dial, 46 having some of the wheels positioned outboard of the selection mechanism and some of the wheels positioned inboard of the mechanism, which wheels bear numerals from 0 to 9. The add and subtract gears 39 and 41, respectively, are normally maintained in the disengaged, or neutral, position as shown, and are positioned by a conventional gate 40 mounted on a pair of arms 45 affixed to a digitation control shaft 47. Whenever the gears 39 and 41 are maintained in their neutral position by the action of a centralizer, not shown, the register carriage 44 may be shifted laterally across the machine without interference from either gear. The digitation shaft 47 is rocked one way or the other by digitation control keys, not shown, in a conventional manner, to shift the spool 38 so that one of the gears 39 or 41 meshes with gear 42 to secure additive or subtractive operation of the dials 46 as desired by the operator.

TENS-TRANSFER MECHANISM Secured to the lower extremity of each dial shaft 43 and just above the gear 42 is a transfer cam 48 which is adapted to cooperate with a transfer lever 49 having a stud which is journalled in the carriage frame 44. Mounted on the outer end of the transfer lever 49 is a downwardly depending pin 51 which lies between a pair of flanges provided on the hub of a tens-transfer gear 52 located in the next higher order of the machine. The hub and gear 52 are slidably and nonrotatably mounted on the square shaft 24, rearwardly of crossframe 27, in such a manner that rotation of the gear 52 will be transmitted through the add and subtract gears 39 and 41 to the dial shaft 43. When any ac cumulator dial 46 passes from 0 to 9, or from 9 to 0, a single tooth, or nose, on the transfer cam 48 is operative to rock the associated transfer lever 49. Such rocking of the transfer-lever moves its pin 51 forwardly, thereby moving the tens-transfer gear 52 of the adjacent higher order into the path of a single transfer tooth provided on a tens-transfer actuator 53 secured to the higher order actuator shaft 33. Since the pin 51 is operated to control the transfer gear 52 in the next higher order of the machine, the register wheel 46 in the next higher order will be advanced one step, additively or subtractively, by the tens-transfer actuator 53, thereby effecting the tens-carry from one order to the next higher order as required. This mechanism is thoroughly described in the above-mentioned Patent No. 2,229,889.

REVOLUTIONS COUNTER Also provided in the carriage 44 is a series of revolutions counter wheels 54, each of which is secured to a longitudinally extending shaft 56 having its opposite ends suitably journalled in the carriage. Each of the counter wheels 54 is provided with a series of numerals from 0 to 9. Secured to each of the shafts 56 and adjacent to the numeral'wheels 54 is an actuator gear 57, which is arranged to cooperate with a conventional revolutions counter actuator 58 mounted on a cross-shaft 59. The actuator means is adapted to be rocked into operative engagement with-the aligned actuator gear 57, after which the shaft 59 is translated axially to efiect entry of a digit. The revolutions counter means is fully shown and described in the above-mentioned Patent No. 2,229,889, to which reference may be had for a full and complete disclosure of the revolutions counter mechanism.

CARRIAGE SHIFT MECHANISM A conventional mechanism is provided for shifting the carriage 44 selectively in either direction for one or more ordinal steps of movement, The shifting means is preferably operated from two extended actuator shafts 33. Preferably, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the two'lowest order actuator shafts, i.e., the two rightmost shafts in Fig. 3, are extended for this purpose. The shift mechanism may be operated by a pair of manually depressible shift keys, not shown, and certain automatic mechanisms, one of which will be described hereinafter.

Depression of the left shift key, not shown, rocks an arm 61 (Fig. 3) downwardly, or counter-clockwise when viewed from the right side of the machine. The arm 61 is rigidly secured to a rockable shaft 62, which shaft extends between the right side frame plate 29 and a bracket extending forwardly from the crossfrarne 26. A shift arm 63 is also rigidly mounted on shaft 62, in a plane adjacent the third actuator shaft. The second arm 63 supports the forward end of a pusher link 64, the rear end of which link is notched to engage a long pin 67 mounted on an arm 66. The arm 66 is located to the left of shift arm 63 and is rockably mounted on shaft 62. The long pin 67 resiliently engages the forward end of a left shift clutch control rod 68, and hence acts as an interponent between the left shift arm 63 and pusher link 64 and the left shift control rod 68.

Similarly, depression of the right shift key, not shown, rocks an arm 69 downwardly. This arm is rigidly se cured to a sleeve 71 rotatably mounted on shaft 62. The sleeve 71, as viewed in Fig. 3, carries an integral arm 72 which pivotally supports a pusher link 73, the arm and link lying in planes adjacent the first actuator shaft. A second lever 74 is rockably mounted on shaft 62, adjacent arm 72, and carries a long pin 76 extending to both sides thereof. Therightend of'the long pin.

76, which extends to the right of the lever 74, engages a notched tongue of pusher arm 73, and its left end normally engages a right shift clutch control rod 77. Thus, depression of either shift key will operate to translate the proper clutch control rod 68 or 77 rearwardly to cause conditioning of the shift mechanism to be described.

hereinafter. Also, by means not shown and not pertinent to the invention, depression of either of the shift keys operates mechanism to close the motor switch and engage the clutch to provide the necessary power means for shifting the carriage. It is conventional in the ma chine of the patents previously mentioned, to resiliently hold the respective control mechanisms, including the various arms and levers, and the respective pusher links, or arms, 64 and 73 in proper operative position by means of springs, not shown.

In order to shift the carriage 44- in either direction, under the control of the selectively operable conditioning means hereinbefore mentioned, the extended actuating shafts 33 have mounted, at their rear extremities, respective shift clutch drivers 78 and 79 (Fig. 3). These drivers preferably, and as shown, are of the type described in the Matthew patent above-mentioned, and hence have interponents that are pivotally connected intermediate their length to provide a readily controllable clutching and declutching arrangement with clutch follower assemblies 81 and 82, respectively. At the rear extremity of the clutch control rods 68 and 77 (which rods have return springs associated therewith to main tain them normally in their forward and inactive position) there are rigidly mounted clutch controllers 83 and 84, respectively. Each controller has an ear formed thereon, which ear contacts the respective rockable clutch interponent to connect the clutch drivers with their associated clutch followers.

As seen in Fig. 1, a sleeve 86 secured to clutch follower 82 passes through an aperture in crossframe 28 and carries a gear 87 which meshes with a wide idler gear 88, which idler, in turn, drives a larger gear 89. The large gear 89 is part of a compound gear assembly including a smaller gear, not shown, meshing with a gear 91 on a shift drive assembly, which includes a shift drive plate 92. Likewise, a gear sleeve 93 (Fig. 3), secured to clutch follower 81, carries a gear 94 which meshes directly with gear 89. Hence, when either of the gear sleeves 86 and 93 are clutched to their respective drive shafts 33, they serve to drive the gear train which includes the shift drive plate 92, in the selected direction. As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the drive plate 92 carries four equally spaced drive pins 96 adapted for engagement with notches provided in a shift rack 97 secured to the back of the shiftable carriage 44, as best seen in Figs. 1 and 4. Hence, as the drive plate 92 is rotated, the carriage 44 will be shifted in ordinal increments in either direction, which ordinal increments are equal to the distance between the accumulator dial shafts 43 of the machine. In other words, the carriage will be shifted one ordinal space for each cycle of operation of the machine.

Conventional means is provided for automatically disabling the right carriage shift operation whenever the shiftable carriage reaches its extreme right end position (see Figs. 1, 3 and 4). For this purpose, mechanism is provided for automatically lifting the pusher arm 73, against the urge of its associated spring, out of engagement with the long pin 76 Whenever the carriage reaches its rightmost end position. The lifting of the pusher arm 73 is accomplished by means of a lever 98 secured to a rockable shaft 99 which extends transversely of the machine and is suitably journalled in frame plates 29 and 30. A rearwardly extending lever arm 101 is also secured to transverse shaft 99, which arm has a pin-andslot connection at its distal end to cooperate with a lever 102 pivotally mounted on shaft 47. The lever 102 has, at its rear end, a right angle extension carrying a roller 103 that lies above one end of a lever 104. The lever 104 is pivotally connected to the lower end of a lever 105, which lever 105 is pivotally secured to a rear bearing plate 106. The bearing plate 106 is secured to, but spaced rearwardly from, crossframe 28 by suitable spacers and fasteners, best shown in Fig. 3. Lever '105 has an upwardly extending arm provided with a formed-over car thereon, which lies beneath the nose of an override pawl 167 (see Fig. 4) when the carriage is shifted to the extreme right position. This pawl 107 is pivotally mounted on the carriage shift rack 97. The lever is normally rocked to an inoperative position (counter-clockwise when viewed from the front of the machine) by a suitable spring, not shown, while the pawl 107 is urged to a normal, or shift, position in which an ear thereon engages the top of the shift rack 97, by a suitable spring, as shown in Fig. 4. When the shiftable carriage 44 reaches its terminal right-hand end position, a shift pin 96 engages the lower edge of the pawl 107 and causes the pawl to be rocked (counter-clockwise as viewed from the front of the machine) against the urgency of its associated spring. The lever 105 will thereupon be rocked (clockwise if viewed from the front) against the tension of a suitable spring, not shown. Lever 104 is provided with a cam face which lies beneath a roller 108 (Fig. 3) mounted on the rear bearing plate 106, so that its movement to the left resulting from rocking of lever 105, causes the right end of lever 104 to be lifted. When the lever 104 is rocked upwardly, thereby elevating the rear end of arm 102 and rocking arm 101 and shaft 99 (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 1), the lever 101 will rock lever 98 (in the same direction). The lever 98 has at its forward end a right angle ear formed thereon, and wil engage a lip formed as part of pusher arm 73, so that the rocking of lever 98 will lift pusher arm 73 and thus disengage the pusher arm from long pin 76. A compression spring mounted on the forward end of shift control rod 77 urges rod 77 forwardly to disengage the previously engaged right shift clutch, and thereby terminates the shifting operation.

Additional mechanism is provided to automatically disable the left shift clutch in the event the carriage is shifted to the extreme terminal left-hand position. Referring first to Fig. 4, an override pawl 170, similar to pawl 107, is pivotally mounted on the right-hand end portion of the carriage shift rack 97 and is urged by a suitable spring to rock to its normal, or shift, position (in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed from the front of the machine). An ear formed on the pawl engages the top of the shift rack 97 to limit the rocking movement of the override pawl. When the shiftable carriage 44 reaches its terminal left-hand end position, a shift pin 96 engages the lower edge of the pawl 170, thereby causing said pawl to be rocked (clockwise as viewed from the front of the machine) against the urgency of its associated spring. At its right-hand end, as viewed from the front, the override pawl 170 is provided with a downwardly extending abutment formation, which, when the carriage is in its terminal left-hand position and the override pawl is rocked, as explained above, engages the top of an override slide 171 (Fig. 3) and forces the slide downwardly.

The override slide 171 is mounted on the rear face of the right-hand end portion of the crossframe 28 by suitable pin-and-slot connections, and is urged to the upward limiting position by a spring, not shown. The bottom end of the override slide 171, as shown in Fig. 3, rides on the rear end portion of a horizontal arm of bellcrank lever 172 rockably mounted on the shaft 47. A link 173 is pivotally connected at its rear end by a pivot stud to the lower end of a downwardly extending arm of the bellcrank lever 172, and is pivotally connected at its forward end to the upper end of an arm 174 extending upwardly and rearwardly from the right-hand end of a bail 175 rockably mounted on a transverse shaft 176. A secondary bail 177, extending rearwardly of the bail 175, and secured by suitable fastening means to bail 175, has a rearwardly extending arm 178. The arm 17-8 is provided at its rear end with a lateral abutment formation which underlies the pusher arm 64.

When the override slide 171 is forced downwardly by the override pawl 170 at the terminal end of a left shift of the carriage, the link 173 is moved forwardly, rocking the bail 175 (in acounter-clockwise direction as viewed from the right). This raises the abutment formation of arm 178, which, in turn, lifts the pusher arm 64 to disengage the arm from the long pin 67, thus releasing the control rod 68 under the control of its spring to disengage the left shift clutch at the end of the operating cycle.

AUTOMATIC DIVISION The machine shown in the accompanying drawings is provided with a mechanism for dividing a dividend registered in the accumulator dials by a divisor set in the keyboard. The mechanism provided in the present machine for accomplishing this purpose is substantially the same as that shown in U.S. patent to Friden, No. 2,229,839, and, therefore, only those parts of the automatic division mechanism that are directly concerned with the present invention will be described hereinafter.

The division operation is initiated by depression of a division key 111, as shown in Fig. 2. This key is mounted for vertical movement on a control frame plate 112 by slotted apertures 113 in the key stem embracing pins 114 extending from the control plate 112. The key stem is biased in an upward direction by a suitable spring 116,

connected between a stud on the lower end of the key stem and a stud extending from the control plate. The lower end of the key stem is provided with a cam face 117 which engages a roller 118 mounted on a division slide 119. The slide 119 is mounted for endwise movement on the control plate by means of conventional pinand-slot connections 121. The division slide 119 is biased to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, by means of a suitable spring 122 connected between a stud on the slide and the stud of the pin-and-slot connection 121.

The slide 119 carries a pin 123 extending to the right of the slide, as viewed from the front of the machine, through a suitable aperture in the control plate 112. Pin 123 lies in front of a finger 124 formed on the upper end of a latch 126 pivotally mounted on the right side of the control plate 112 as at 127. The latch 126 is normally biased forwardly (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 2) by a spring, not shown, so as to normally maintain a shoulder formed thereon beneath a stud 128 mounted on the forward end of an actuating arm 129 which is pivoted on a stud 131 fastened to the right side of the control plate 112. The arm 129 is biased downwardly by a heavy spring, not shown, which serves to set, or actuate, the division control mechanism when the arm is released by the latch 126. When the division key 111 is depressed, the cam face 117 will cause the slide 119 to be moved rearwardly (to the left in Fig. 2), whereby the pin 123 will rock the latch 126 counter-clockwise, thereby releasing the actuating arm 129 for operation, which, in turn, causes setting of the division control mechanism.

Means is also provided for engaging the main drive clutch and closing of the motor contacts with the release of the arm 129 from the latch 126. For this purpose, a roller, or stud, 132 mounted on the lower end of a link 133 bears against .the underside of the arm 129, so that when the latch 126 and arm 129 is released, the roller 132 and link will be forced downwardly. The link 133 is pivotally connectedat its upper end to one arm of a bellcrank lever 134 pivoted on a screw fastened to the control plate 112. The bellcrank 134 has an upstanding arm which lies in front of -a pin 136 protruding from the forward end of a cycle-initiating slide 137. A pin 13% secured to slide 137 cooperates with a connecting lever 139 pivoted at 141 on a clutch link 142. Clutch control link 152 is pivotally connected at 143 to a clutch control lever 144 in such a manner that whenever the slide 137 is moved rearwardly, the clutch control lever 144 will be rocked (counterclockwise in Fig. 2) to cause engagement of a main, cyclically operable clutch, indicated generally at 146. The connecting lever 139 and clutch control link 142 are also connected to a lever 147. The lever 147 is pivotally connected by a pin 148 extending through a suitable opening in right side frame 29 to a long switch control link 149 adapted toclose the cont-acts of a microswitch, not shown. The microswitch controls the current supplied to the electric motor 151 (Fig. 1) and drives a pinion 152 on motor shaft 153, which, in turn, drives an idler gear 154 mounted on a stub shaft 155 extending between the right side frame plate 29 and the control plate 112. The idler gear 154 meshes with a driven gear 156 having an integral ratchet 157 (Fig. 3), the gear and ratchet being rotatably. mounted on main drive shaft 37. A clutch plate 151 rigidly secured to drive shaft 37, lies adjacent ratchet 157 and carries a clutch dog 160 of conventional construction. The clutch dog 160 is resiliently biased into engagement with the ratchet by a spring (Fig. 3) but is normally held in a nonengaging position by the clutch control lever 144. The rocking of lever 144 enables the clutch dog to rock into engagement with the ratchet 157, thereby connecting gear 156 to plate 159 and shaft 37. The gear train and clutch mechanism are of conventional design, therefore further description is considered unnecessary for the understanding of the present invention.

Referring once again to Fig. 2, a connecting lever 158 4 is pivotally connected to the vertical link 133 by any suitable pivot stud, such as pin 159. The lever 158 is further pivoted at 161 to a cam follower 162 which is pivotally mounted on a stud 163 secured to the control plate 112. When the forward end of lever 158 is moved downwardly, following the release of the actuator arm 129 resulting from depression of the division key 111, the rear end of the lever 158 will be moved upwardly so as to cause an inclined surface 164 formed thereon to engage with a pin 166 mounted on the add-subtract control bar 167, the rear end of which is pivotally mounted on an arm secured to digitation control shaft 47. The rocking of the connecting lever 158, from the camming effect of face 164 on pin 166, forces control bar 167 forwardly, thereby rocking shaft 47 and gate 40 to cause the engagement of subtract gears 41 with dial gears 42 thereby conditioning the machine for a division operation. Thereafter, during the division operation, the control bar 167 and its associated mechanism is controlled by a wide-faced cam 168 which is secured to a programmed control shaft 169, to control the subtractive operation of the machine to an overdraft, the correcting of that overdraft, and the shifting of the carriage to a new ordinal position.

The division mechanism above-described is believed sufficient for an understanding of the division mechanism insofar as it is concerned with the present invention. Therefore, reference is made to US. Patents N 0s. 2,327,-' 981 and 2,403,273, for a more complete disclosure of the automatic division mechanism, if one is necessary.

DIRECT DIVEDEND-DIVISOR ALIGNING MECHANISM In order to cause the dividend and divisor factors to be brought into alignment with one another at the beginning of a division operation, means is provided in the machine presently being described for causing the carriage to be shifted toward the right or toward the left until the factors are brought into alignment, after which the machine will proceed to automatically divide the dividend by the divisor. The novel mechanism hereinafter to be described for causing the dividend and the divisor to be automatically aligned is actuated upon depression of the division key 111.

A shaft, or rod, 139 extends through a slotted aperture in right frame plate 29 (Figs. 1 and 2) transversely of the machine rearwardly of the keyboard frame 12. The rod 181 is movable, substantially perpendicularly to the plane of the keyboard, downwardly in relation to the machine, and preferably is mounted on the keyboard frame 12 by a pair of arms 181 (Fig. 4) secured to a bail shaft 182. 'I hev bail shaft 182 is suitably journalled in the side frames of the keyboard frame 12 and extends transversely through the keyboard and a suitable aperture in a left side auxiliary frame 183. The shaft 180 is biased in its upward, or inactive, position by suitable spring means, such as spring 184 shown especially in Fig. 2, which is connected to the shaft and to a suitable stud on the adjacent frame plate 29. An actuator slide, or plate, 186 (Figs. 2 and 5) is rigidly secured to the rightmost extremity of the shaft 180 and is slidably mounted to the control plate 112 by a pin and sleeve 187 passing through a slotted aperture 188 in the actuator slide 186. A live dog 189 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the slide 186, and is urged rearwardly to an inoperative position (clockwise in Fig. 2 or counter-clockwise in Fig. 5) by a spring 191. The spring 191 is secured to a stud formed on the live dog 189 and a stud on a hook finger 192 extending rearwardly from the lower end of the slide 186 and formed as a part thereof.

A bellcrank 193 (Fig. 2) is pivotally mounted on the control plate 112 below the main drive shaft '37 by any suitable means, such as stud 194. The bellcrank has a slot at its forward end which embraces a pin 196 extending from the lowermost end of the division key stem 111. The bellcrank has an arm extending upwardly and rearwardly from the pivot 194, which, at its uppermost end, carries a roller 197 lying directly behind the dog 189. Furthermore, the bellcrank 193 has secured near its for- Ward end, a switch and clutch-actuating roller 198, extending to the left through a suitable aperture in the right side frame plate 29, and lying above an arm of a rockable bellcrank 199 (shown in phantom lines in Fig. 2), pivotally mounted on the left side of the right frame plate 29. The bellcrank 199 has an upwardly extended arm which lies directly behind the pin 148 of the pivotal lever 147. It can be seen from the foregoing description that depression of the division key 111, by virtue of the pin 196, will rock the bellcrank 193 clockwise about the pivot 194. The rocking of the bellcrank 193 will move the roller 198 downwardly, rocking the bellcrank 199 clockwise about its pivot and causing the switch link 149 to close the Micro-Switch and engage the main drive clutch. Also, the rocking of the bellcrank 193 about its pivot 194, causes the roller 197 to cam the live dog 189 counter-clockwise against the tension of its spring 191, thus positioning the dog for engagement by a powerdriven cam 201 secured on the main drive shaft 37.

Depression of the division key 111 will move the division slide 119 rearwardly (to the left in Fig. 2), and if some sort of blocking means were not provided at this time, a normal division operation would be initiated before the dividend and divisor could be aligned. Such a means is provided in the form of a finger 202, which extends upwardly from the division slide 119, and so located that the finger 202 normally lies immediately forwardly of pin 132 on link 133. Whenever the slide 119 is moved rearwardly, by the depression of key 111, the division blocking finger 202 will be positioned below the pin 132 before the pin 123 on slide 119 can disengage latch 126 from division initiating member 129. The blocking finger 202 will be positioned below the pin 132 by the time actuator arm 129 is delatched, so that while actuator arm 129 can move slightly downwardly, it cannot move far enough to position the division mechanism to its operative position. Thus, cam 201 contacts the dog 189, which has been moved into position by roller 197, and the machine is cycled, whereby the slide 136 will be forcibly moved downwardly and the hook finger 192 will move behind the roller 197 to block the return of the division key by the spring 116 until such time as the slide 186 is released to return to its upward, or home, position, by means hereinafter to be described. It can also be noted at this time that the division key is latched downwardly and the division mechanism is blocked from operation until the shift of the carriage is completed. After the shifting has been completed, the division key is raised and normal division may then proceed.

Resiliently mounted on rod 180, and ordinally spaced by ordinal spacer sleeves 206, are eleven T-shaped sensing members 207 (Figs. 4 and 5). The T-shaped members have a long slot 205 in their respective stems which embrace the rod 180, so that the various T-members are free to move vertically with respect to the rod and also to rock thereon. Normally, the T-members 207 assume the vertical position shown, and are urged against the shaft by suitable springs 208, and are severally biased downwardly when the shaft is rocked by the means abovedescribed. A pair of fingers 209 secured to the right side of the cross-portion of each T-shaped member 207, as viewed from the front of the machine, extends to the right from each T-member and under the cross-portion of the T-member of the next lower order, whereby the rocking of any higher order T-member will similarly rock all T-members to the right, or lower orders thereof. It can be mentioned here that these T-shaped members are effective to sense the 0 or nonzero condition of both the selection means (divisor factor) and the accumulator (dividend factor), and to control the operation of the shifting means to shift the carriage in either direction directly to the ordinal position in which the highest digital value in both factors are coordinally aligned.

The means for sensing the 0 or nonzero condition of the accumulator register will now be described. Each of the dial shafts 43 is provided with a 0 sensing cam 213 (see Figs. 1 and 4), preferably located adjacent the lower surface of dial 46. Each cam 213 is provided with a 0 notch, which notch lies in effective position when the accumulator dial 46 registers 0, Associated with the cams 213 are a plurality of ordinally arranged sensing slides 210 or 210-a, each of which is provided, at its rear end, with a nose 204 adapted to enter the 0 notch of the associated earn 213, and at its forward end with a two-way ramp formation 22%. Preferably, two types of slides are used, as shown in Fig. 4. It is conventional in machines of this kind to have a number of orders of a counter, or quotient, dials 54 corresponding to the number of orders in the selection mechanism, which counter dials are normally aligned with the lower orders of the accumulator register, as shown. As it is necessary to sense the ordinally related orders of the accumulator and the selection mechanism, the slides 210 related to the lower orders of the registers are formed with a laterally otfset portion to pass around the counter wheels 54, as shown on the right side in Fig. 4. However, in the higher orders, the slides 210-a can be straight, as shown on the left in the above-mentioned figure. In this way both the lower and higher order slides related to the accumulator dials, will be operative upon the sensed T-mernber with which they may be aligned.

Each of the slides 210a is provided with a pair of slotted apertures 211 which engage suitable pins, or screw studs, 203 mounted on the top of carriage 44 to permit rearward and forward movement of the sensing slides. All of the slides are biased rearwardly by suitable springs 212 tensioned between studs on the slides and on the carriage frame, as shown. All of the slides 210a in the higher outboard portion of the carriage, i.e., from the twelfth order up to the highest order dial in the dividend register, are provided with a pair of oppositely directed shoulders 214 and 214-41. These shoulders are so arranged that the shoulder 214 extending to the left lies immediately in front of the cooperating shoulder 214-a extending to the right from the slide in the next higher order.

It is conventional in the machine with which it is preferred that the present invention be associated, that the selection mechanism have ten orders of keys, and an eleven-dial counter. In such a construction, I prefer to have eleven orders of sensing members 207, in which case the lowest order sensing slide 210a of the higher order portion of the register (that associated with the twelfth order dial, or the rightmost slide 210-41 as shown in Fig. 4) has a rightwardly extending shoulder 214-a cooperating with an offset portion of the highest one of the offset sensing slides 210 (i.e., that aligned with the eleventh order dial of the register in Fig. 4). Thus, a value standing in any of the higher orders of the dividend register (outboard of the highest ordinal sensing mechanism including the T-members 207 when the carriage is in its extreme left-hand position as shown in Fig. 4), will move not only the ordinally related slide forwardly to an operative position, but also all of the lower order slides 210-a forwardly and also the highest order slide 21% associated with the highest ordinal T-member 207. In the event a dividend digit lies outboard to the left of the selection mechanism, the highest order T-rnernber 207 will be operated by the coordinal order sensing slide to initiate a rightward shift of the carriage, as will hereinafter be explained. It might also be mentioned at this point that any of t e sensing slides 216 aligned with the sensing mechanism, including the T -members 207, will be moved to their forward position by the registration of any value in their associated dials 46. It will be understood that it is unnecessary that the inboard sensing slides, or those lying to the right of the selection mechanism, effect any control over the sensing slides lying to the right thereof, because in division the carriage is shifted to the left with any ordinal series of operations so that the sensing slide 210 representative of the highest order of the dividend will be effective to control the shifting operation.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 5, there is provided a plurality of rockable divisor sensing levers 216 (a pair of levers for each order of the selection mechanism). The divisor sensing levers 216 are pivotally mounted on a common transverse shaft 217, lying immediately rearwardly of the keyboard frame 12 and secured to the right frame plate 29 and the left frame plate 3%) (see Fig. 4). The rockable sensing levers 216 are normally biased to an inoperative position (counter-clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5) by a relatively weak spring 218 and are rocked into operative position by a yieldable interponent 219 mounted on the associated selection bar 16 or 17, as seen in Fig. l. The interponents 219 are slidably mounted to the rear portion of each of the selection bars 16 and 17 and are biased to follow movement of the bar on which they are mounted by suitable springs 215, which are stronger than springs 218, in such a manner that they will rock the sensing levers when the selection bars are moved forwardly in the manner previously described. These sensing levers 216 are adapted to block another portion of the coordinal aligned sensed T-member 2G7 whenever there is a divisor value in the respective order of the selection mechanism. Thus it can be seen that any of the sensing levers will be rocked into operative position by any of the coordinally arranged selection bars when there is a divisor value standing in the respective order of the selection mechanism.

A right shift bail rod 221 and a left shift bail rod 222 extend along the opposite sides of the lower leg of the T-shaped members 207, the first rearwardly and the second forwardly of the T-mernbers, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The right shift bail 221 is secured to similar depending arms 223 which are pinned on, or otherwise rigidly secured to, a rockable right shift control shaft 224. The shaft 224 extends across the machine above the T-shaped members 297 rearwardly of the shaft 185), and is suitably journalled in the right side frame plate 29 and left side frame plate 30. Likewise, the left shift bail 222 is secured to similar depending arms 226 which are rigidly secured to a rockable, left shift control shaft 227 extending across the machine above the T-members forwardly of the shaft 184) and suitably journalled in the right side frame plate 29 and the left side frame plate 30. Pivotally mounted to the right shift bail 221 is a 12 right shift control link 228 (see Fig. 5) extending forwardly of the machine, preferably below the keyboard frame 12 and above the selection slides 16 and 17, as shown in Fig. 1. The link 228 is so positioned on the shift bail 221 that it also extends between the ordinal rows of the key stems of the value keys 11. As viewed in Figs. 3 and 5, the link 22-8 is provided at its forward end with a cam surface 230 and adjacent notch 230-a, so positioned that it will rock a shift directing mechanism later to be described. A left shift control link 229 is pivotally mounted on the left shift bail 222 and extends forwardly of the machine immediately adjacent to, and in the same plane as, the right shift link 228. This left shift link 229 is likewise provided, at the forward end, with a cam surface 235 and an adjacent notch 235-a. The cam face 235 is similar to cam face 230 of link 228, but oppositely disposed therefrom so as to cam the shift directing mechanism in the opposite direction, as will hereinafter be described. Normally, when the two links and their respective bails are in an inoperative position, the two notches 23tla and 235a are aligned (Figs. 3 and 5) in the same transverse plane. The right shift cam face 230 lies forwardly of the aligned notches and left shift cam face 235 lies rearwardly of the notches, as is shown in these figures.

The shift bails 221 and 222 extend through a horizontally slotted aperture in right side frame plate 29, and also through an elongated T-shaped aperture 240 in slide 186 (Fig. 5). As described above, when the plate 186 is forced downwardly by the dog 139 and cam 201, the rods 221 or 222 (depending upon which one is rocked from its normal position by T-members 207) will lock the slide 186 downwardly in its actuated position until such time as the shifting operation is completed and the bails are returned to their normal position.

A rotatable square shaft 231 (Figs. 1 and 3) is suitably journalled between a frame bracket 232 mounted for wardly of the cross plate 26. Slidably and nonrotatably mounted on the square shaft 231 is a left shift cam 233 and a right shift cam 234, these cams being secured together but spaced-apart by a flanged collar 236. Power driving means is furnished to the square shaft 231 by a gear train shown in Fig. 3 and having a driven gear 237 secured to the shaft 231 and a driving gear 238 secured to main shaft 37 adjacent a bevel gear 36. Idler gears 239 suitably journalled on stub shafts 241, which are, in turn, secured to the frame bracket 232, complete the gear train. A cam lever 242 is pivotally mounted on a suitable pivot pin 245 secured to the frame bracket 232. The lever 242 has an upwardly extending arm disposed between the cam surfaces of links 228 and 229. .The other arm of lever 242 is positioned downwardly so as to lie between the flanges of collar 236. A centralizer is provided for the cams 233 and 234 and is comprised of a leaf spring 243 secured to the frame bracket 232 and lying between the flanges of collar 236. It can be noted at this time that when either of the links 228 or 229 are so positioned as to cam the lever 242 about its pivot, the lever will exert lateral pressure on the cams 233 and 234 suflicient to move the cams and connecting collar longitudinally on square shaft 231. When either one of the cams 233 or 234 is axially displaced from its centralized position, it will, upon rotation of shaft 231, engage either pin 67 or pin 76 and hence shift one or the other of the control rods 68 or 77, respectively, rearwardly, so as to actuate the appropriate shift clutch.

When the sensing slide 210 associated with the highest order of a dividend factor registered in the dials 46 is cammed forwardly by the coordinal notched cam 213, upon rotation of dials 46 from its 0 position, the ramp 220 on the forward end of the slide will be positioned beneath the rear arm of the cross-portion of the coordinal T-member 207. In this situation, all of the T-members to the right thereof will have their rear arms held in their elevated positions by the rear pins 209. Similarly, the

highest order divisor value keys will cam the selection slides 16 or 17 forwardly and the corresponding lever 216 will be rocked about its pivot to be positioned beneath the forward arm of the cross-portion of coordinal T-shaped member 207. In this situation, all of the T-members to the right thereof will have their forward arms held in their elevated positions by the forward pins 209. Thus, upon downward movement of the shaft 180, the T-member 207 aligned with the highest order of the dividend or divisor, whichever is higher ordinally, will pivot about the shaft 180, depending upon which crossportion is blocked by either the lever 216 or slide 210. Such rocking of this T-member will force the right shift bail 221 rearwardly of the machine about its pivot 224 or the left shift bail 222 forwardly about its pivot 227. Whenever both sides of a T-member are blocked against rocking movement, the member is held in its upper, inoperative position and does not effect either shift bail. If the dividend extends to the left of the divisor, the T-shaped members 207 lying to the left of the highest order of the divisor factor can engage only the sensing slides 210, and they will all be rocked in one direction (counter-clockwise in Figs. 1 and and if the divisor extends to the left of the dividend, the T-shaped members lying to the left of the highest order of the dividend factor can engage only the levers 216, and they will all be rocked in the opposite direction. When the dividend extends to the left of the divisor and the carriage is shifted to the right to bring it into alignment with the divisor, the rocked T-members 207 will slide off of the two-way ramp formation of the actuated sensing slides 210 as the carriage moves to the right, and at the time the last T-member is released, the right shift clutch is disengaged by mechanism previously described. When the divisor extends to the left of the dividend and the carriage is shifted to the left, the rocked T-members 207 are restored to their fully raised, or inactive, position by the two-way ramp 220 on the front of the sensing slide 210, and as the last T-member is restored to its normal position, the left shift clutch is disengaged by the mechanism previously described.

If the situation should arise where the highest significant digit of the dividend is placed in the highest outboard order of the accumulator register wheel 46 and the highest significant digit of the divisor is placed in one of the lower orders of the selection mechanism, such as the fifth order, and the appropriate sensing members 207 have been rocked, the carriage 44 will shift to the right. When the carriage has shifted to the right terminal end position, the pawl 107 will be rocked to terminate the right shift operation, as previously described. If a mechanism were not provided for returning all of the rocked T -members to their normal inactive position at this time, the machine would not enter into the division operation. I prefer to overcome this problem by providing a lifting member 251 (see Figs. 1 and 4) slidably mounted on the rear of the crossframe 26 by suitable fastener means. The lifting member 251 is provided at its upper extremity with a formed-over ear 252, positioned beneath the forwardly projecting cross-portion of the highest order T-member 207. An L-shaped leg 253 is appropriately secured to the lifter 251 and extends rearwardly and upwardly therefrom. The L-shaped leg 253 is provided at its upper end with a formed-over ear 254 lying beneath the rearwardly projecting cross-portion of the highest order T-member 207.

The lifting member 251 is operated by the operation of the override pawl 107 rocking levers 101 and 102 (see Fig. 1), already described. An arm 257 is rigidly mounted on the shaft 99, at the extreme left end thereof, the forward end of which arm underlies a flange, or ear, 256 on the lower end of the lifter 251. Thus, the rocking of the arm 257 (clockwise in Fig. 1) from the rocking of the override pawl, elevates the lifting member 251. This elevation, of course, occurs simultaneously with the disabling of the shift clutch by the override pawl, which operation has been previously described, and is momentary in its duration since the operation of the override pawl to disable the shift clutches conventionally takes only a few degrees at approximately the midpoint of a cycle of operation. It is obvious that as the lifter 251 lifts the highest order T-mernber 207 to its raised position, it lifts all of the T-members to the similar position, through the operation of the rightwardly extending pins 209. Thus, all of the T-members are lifted to their neutral and raised position, so that both of the control bails 221 and 222 are automatically centered in their neutral position, whereby the automatic shift controls are returned to neutral.

It will be recalled that the control member 186 (Fig. 2) is latched in its operative, lower position by the rocking of one of the shift control bails 221 or 222, rearwardly or forwardly as the case may be, so that it lies Within the cross of the T-shaped slot 240, thereby holding the member 186 depressed. The return of the shift control bails to the neutral position removes them from such cross-portion of the T-shaped aperture, and thus enables this control member 186 to be lifted by its spring 184 to the normal position. When this occurs, the hook member 192 on member 186 releases the roller 197 on the upper end of the vertically extending arm of the bellcrank 193, permitting it to return to its normal position shown in Fig. 2. The return of the bellcrank 193 to its normal position enables the division key 111 to return to its normal raised position from the force of its spring 116, thereby permitting the control slide 119 to move forwardly to its normal position from the force of its spring 122. The movement of the slide 119 moves the block 202 thereon from underneath the pin 132, thereby enabling the actuator arm 129 to rock to its extreme position and initiate the division operation. Thus, the mechanism including a lifter 251 is effective to initiate a division operation when the carriage has shifted to its extreme right-hand position regardless of the alignment of the divisor and dividend factors. If it should happen that the divisor has been placed too far to the right on the keyboard, or the dividend too far to the left in the accumulator, so that alignment is not possible, the operator is notified of this fact by the continued cycling of the machine and will have to stop the operation through the conventional division stop associated with such machines.

For terminating the left shift operation and actuating the automatic division mechanism if the machine carriage is shifted to the extreme left-hand position without alignment, a leg 258 (Fig. 1) extending rearwardly from the left-hand end of the bail 177 is provided. As the bail 177 is rocked counter-clockwise by the operation of the override pawl 170, as previously described, a formation 259 at the rearward end of leg 258 will engage the short lip 256. With this arrangement, the T'member 207 that has been conditioned upon actuation of the division aligning operation, will be returned to its normal inactive position by the engagement of cars 252 and 254 with the cross-portion of eleventh order T-member 207. Also all of the lower order T-members 207 that have been actuated will be returned to their normal, inactive, position, thus releasing the left shift bail rod 222 so that it may return to its normal, inactive, position. As the bail rod 222 is released to return to its inactive position, the slide 186 will be unlatched by the bail rod 222 and urged to return to its inactive position by the spring 184. With the return of the slide 186 to its normal, inactive position, the bellerank 193 will be released to be returned to its inactive position, thus allowing the division key 111 to rise and the division block 202 to move from its blocking relationship with roller 132, and the division mechanism is actuated and automatic division will now proceed.

15 Operation RIGHT SHIFT The operation of the right shift of the present invention can be readily understood by reference to the division of, for example, 11088 divided by 22. For purposes of illustration, we will assume that these factors are registered in the five right-hand dials of the accumulator (dividend) register 46 and the two right-hand orders of the keyboard. After the placing of the factors into the machine, they will stand in the ordinal relationship:

1108 8dividend 22divisor and reading from right to left in Fig. 4) the first and second sensing slides 210 will be moved forwardly by their associated cams 213; the third sensing slide will remain in its normal inactive position; and the fourth and fifth sensing slides will be moved forwardly by their associated cams 213, and all of the sensing slides to the left thereof will remain in their normal, inactive, position. The selection bars 17 of the first and second lower orders of the keyboard will rock the respective levers 216 by means of the interponent 219 mounted on each of those selection bars.

When the division key 111 is depressed, the pin 1% on the lower end of the key stem will rock the bellcrank 193 (clockwise as viewed in Fig. 2), and the roller 197 carried on the upstanding arm of the bellcrank will cam the dog 189 forwardly (counter-clockwise in this figure) about its pivot mounted on slide 186. Also, as the key 111 is depressed, the cam surface 117 will engage roller 118 and cam the division slide 119 rearwardly (to the left in Fig. 2) with the blocking finger 202 blocking the actuation of the division mechanism from the operation of actuator arm 129, as previously described. Also, as the bellcrank 193 rocks clockwise, the roller 198 engages the bellcrank 199, and, as previously described, closes the Micro-Switch and engages the clutch. As power is thus supplied to the shaft 37, the cam 201 will be rotated, picking up the dog 189 and slide 186, forcibly moving the slide downwardly against the tension of spring 184. As the slide 186 is moved downwardly, the hooked end 1&2 will move behind the roller 197, thus blocking the return of the key 111 to its normal position so long as the slide 186 is latched in its lower, operative position by virtue of one or the other of the bail rods 221 or 222 entering the offset portion of the cross-portion of the T-shaped slot 240. As the main shaft 37 is rotated, the shift cams 233 and 234 (Figs. 1 and 3) will be rotated from their full-cycle, or inactive, position by the gear train, as previously described. As the cams are so rorated from their full-cycle position, the lobes formed thereon are rotated away from the pins 67 or 76, so that the cams 233, 234 and collar 236 may be axially shifted on the shaft 231, and with further rotation of the shaft, will engage the long pins 67 or 76 when the automatic division aligner mechanism has sensed a shifting operation, as described above.

When the shaft 1811 is rocked downwardly about its pivot 1S2, it will position the T-members 207 as follows: the ramp 220 of the sensing slide 210 of the fifth order (which has been moved forward by its cam 213) will lie below the rearward cross-portion of the coordinally arranged T-member 207. Thus the slide 210 will block the downward movement of the rearward cross-portion of the T-member and the T-member will rock (counter-clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5) about the rod 186. Likewise, the fourth order sensing slide 219 will be rocked forwardly and will block the downward movement of the fourth order T-rnember 207 in a like manner. The third order sensing slide 210 will not be displaced from its normal, inactive, position, since there is no digit in the third order accumulator, but he third T-member 297 will be rocked with the fifth and fourth ordinal T-members, since the rear finger 2119 which extends from the fourth order T-member toward the lower orders, will block the depression of the rearward portion of the third ordinal T- member. The second and first coordinally arranged T- members 207 will neither be rocked nor depressed. The rearward arm of the cross-portion of each T-member is blocked by the fingers 209 of the higher order member and also, in this instance, by the forward movement of the coordinal sensing slides 2111. Neither can the forward arm of these two T-members be rocked downwardly since a divisor factor stands in these orders of the keyboard, and hence the selection bars 17 of those orders have rocked the coordinal sensing levers 216, thereby blocking movement of the forward arm. Hence, the T members of these two orders are held in their normal elevated, or inoperative position, against the biasing force of their respective springs 203. Only those '1'- members of the orders above the fifth will be displaced downwardly, and without rocking, from their normal inactive position, since there are no digits in the accumulator registers in these orders and no digits in the keyboard of these orders. It can be seen that the rocking of the T-members of the third, fourth and fifth orders will move the right shift bail rod 221 about its pivot rearwardly of the machine. As the bail 221 is moved rearwardly (to the right in Figs. 1 and 5), the cam face 230 on the forward end of link 228 will cam the lever 242 to the left (Fig. 3), in which case the lever 242 will be within notch 235a of link 229, and lock the latter against any operation. This leftward movement of upper end of lever 242 will force the cam assembly (including cams 233 and 234, and connecting collar 236) to the right and, as the cams continue to rotate, the lobe of cam 234 will engage pin 76 and thereby force the control rod 77 rearwardly to cause engagement of the right shift clutch 79. The cam 234 will be held in its rightwardly displaced position by shift bail rod 221 until such time as the bail 221 is released by the T-members to return to its normal inactive position. As the carriage is shifted to the right during the first shifting cycle, the fifth order sensing slide 210 moves out from under the fifth order T-member 2117 and under the fourth order T- member-the first order sensing slide 210 moving outboard of the selection mechanism and also of the shift controlling mechanism including the lowest order T- member. Thereupon, the T-mernber 2117 of the fifth order will drop downwardly and, as it is no longer rocked by a sensing slide 210, will assume a centralized and inoperative position. At this point the factors are aligned thus:

1108* (*the terminal 8 of the dividend now being outboard) 22 and the fourth and third order T-members are rocked forwardly by their coordinal slides 210.

As the carriage is further shifted to the right during the second shift cycle, the fourth order T-member will drop ofi of its coordinal sensing slide and assume its neutral position. At this point the factors are aligned:

** (**the terminal 88 of the dividend now being outboard) and the third order T-member is rocked forwardly by the coordinal (fifth accumulator order) slide 210.

During the third shift cycle, the fifth order accumulator slides 211) (aligned with the third order Tmember at the start of the cycle) moves out from under the third order T-member, so that it can drop to its lower, centralized position. As the third order T-member drops off of the ramp of the slide 21 during this third shift cycle, all of the T-rnembers 207 will be in a vertical position (some elevated and some depressedbut all in a centralized and neutral position), thus releasing the right shift bail and terminating the right shift operation with the dividend and divisor in proper alignment. As the bail rod 221 is returned to its normal inactive position, it will move off of the shoulder of the T-shaped aperture 240 of slide 186 (see Figs. 2 or 5) allowing the slide to be returned to its normal, or raised, position by spring 184. As the hook finger 192 is moved upwardly, the bellcrank 193 will be released to its normal position, thus releasing the key 111 to its raised position by spring 116. With the key 111 returned to its upright position, the division slide 119 can return to its normal inactive position, removing the block 202 from beneath the pin 132. Thus, the connecting lever 158 and its associated mechanism can initiate a normal division operation.

LEFT SHIFT Again using the example of 11088 divided by 22, with the carriage shifted to an extreme or some intermediate position to the right, but with the divisor 22 in the seventh and sixth orders of the keyboard and the dividend 11088 displaced two orders to the right therefrom, i.e., the highest significant digit of the dividend aligned with the fifth order of the selection mechanism. After placing the factors in the machine, they will stand in the following ordinal relationship:

0011088-dividend 22-divisor After the insertion of the factors (and before the division key 111 is depressed), the sensing slides 210 aligned with the lower five T-members 207 will have been moved to their active position and levers 216 in the sixth and seventh orders will have been moved to their active position. In this situation, the sensing levers 216 of the seventh and sixth orders will have been rocked (in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 1) into blocking relationship with the front edge of the coordinally arranged T-members by the displacement of coordinal selection slides 17 and the respective interponents 219 mounted thereon. Since there is no value standing in the coordinal register dials there is nothing to block rearward rocking (clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5) of those T-members as the shaft 180 is lowered during the first cycle of operation. Thus the seventh and sixth order T-members 207 will be rocked rearwardly (clockwise in these figures) to engage bar 222 and move it to its operative position. Also, the forward pin 209 of the T-member aligned with the lowest digit of the divisor will hold the forward portion of all T-members to the right thereof in an elevated position. The sensing slide 210 of the fifth order accumulator dial 46 of carriage 44 will be displaced forwardly of its normal, inactive position by the associated earn 213. The fourth order sensing slide register dial 46 of the carriage will be displaced from its normal, inactive, position by the associated cam 213 of that order. Since there is no digit in the third order dial 46, the sensing slide associated with this dial will not be actuated. The sensing slides 210 of the second and first orders of the accumulator dials of the carriage will be displaced forwardly of their inactive position by their respective cams. Depression of the division key 111 and downward movement of shaft 180 (by mechanism previously described) will depress without rocking the T-members 207 of the eighth and all higher orders, and they will be dropped downwardly from their normally raised position by the springs 208 associated with these members following the downward movement of shaft 180 but will remain in their centralized and ineffective positions. It can be seen that since there are no sensing blocks for these orders, the members 207 will not engage either of the shift bail rods 221 or 222. Since the sensing lever 216 of the seventh and sixth orders have been rocked into blocking relationship with the coordinal T-member-s 207 of these orders, and the sensing slides 210 then aligned therewith are not moved, these T-members 207 will be rocked (clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5) by the downward displacement of rod 180 and will,

therefore, engage and rock the left shift bail rod 222. Since the fingers 209 extend to the right from the T- members 207 under the next lower order T-member, all of the T-members to the right of the sixth order will be retained with the front arm of the cross-member in their raised positions. Since the sensing slide 210 aligned with the fifth order of the machine has been moved to active blocking position, the fifth order T-member (and all T-members to the right thereof) will have their rear arms blocked against depression by springs 208, and hence are maintained in an elevated and centralized, or inoperative, position upon the downward displacement of shaft 180. It can readily be seen, therefore, that only the two T-members 207 of the sixth and seventh orders have been rocked about the rod to engage the left shift bail 222.

With the downward movement of slide 186 by mechanism previously described, the left shift bail 222 is free to rotate clockwise about its pivot shaft 227 so that the force of springs 208 on the sixth and seventh order T-members is sufficient to rock bail 222 forwardly (clockwise in Fig. 5), and thus latch the slide 186 in its actuated position. That is, the bail 222 will move into the slotted T-shaped aperture 240 of slide 186, latching said slide in its downward position. When the link 229 is moved forwardly (to the left in Figs. 1 and 5 the camming surface 235 on the forward end thereof will cam the upper arm of lever 242 to the right (see Fig. 3) about its pivot 245. The lower leg of lever 242 will thus be moved to the left in Figs. 3 and 5, engaging the flange of collar 236, thus displacing the cam 233 to the left axially of shaft 231. As the machine continues to cycle in the manner previously described, the lobe of cam 233 will engage the long pin 67, and, as the cycle continues, displace the pin 67 and the associated control rod 68 rearwardly of the machine to engage the left shift clutch 78 in the manner described above.

As the carriage 44 makes its first leftward shift, the ramp 220 on the forward end of slide 210 aligned with the fifth order T-member 207 at the start of the cycle will move under the T-member 207 of the sixth order and thereby restore it to its upright, inactive, position. Likewise, as the carriage is further shifted toward the left in the second shift cycle, the same sensing slide ramp will restore the seventh order T-member 207 to its upright, inactive, position. As the T-member 207 of the seventh order is restored from the rocked position, the left shift bail will be released to return to its inactive position. As the bail rod 222 is released from its actuated position to its inactive position, the bail rod unlatches the slide 186 so that it may be returned to its normal raised position by spring 184. Also, the shift cam assembly, and particularly the left shift cam 233, is returned to its central inactive position by the spring centralizer 243, and this centralizer 243 also aids in the return of shift levers 242 and link 229 to their inactive positions.

It may be recalled from the above description that as the plate 186 moves to its raised, or normally inactive, position, it releases the bellcrank 193, which, in turn, releases the division key 111 to be returned to its fully raised position by its spring 116. As the key 111 is returned to its raised position, the block 202 on slide 119 is removed from blocking pin 132 and the normal division operation may then proceed. Furthermore, if the division key 111 were held down after the dividend and divisor has been brought into proper alignment, the machine would continue to cycle idly, for the carriage would not shift as the control are in a central, inoperative position and it could not initiate a division operation as the continued depression of the key holds the block 202 in its blocking position. However, as soon as the key is released, the slide 119 and block 202 would be moved forwardly by spring 122, so that actuator arm 129 is released and the division operation initiated.

Again assuming the example of 11088 divided by -eleventh order T-member.

has reached its extreme right-hand position.

control rod 222.

. a. 19 a 22," With all of the digits of the dividend placed in the higher outboard orders of the accumulator register dials 46 (Le, all of these digits placed in dials lying to the left of the highest order of the selection mechanism) and the digits of the divisor lying in the keyboard, for example, in the ninth and tenth order thereof. In this situation, the highest significant digit of the dividend factor will force the coordinal sensing slide 210-a forwardly. In view of the fact that these sensing slides have the overlapping ears 214 and 214-a, all of the outboard sensing slides will be moved forwardly, as will the sensing slide 210 aligned with the highest order to the left of the keyboard, for this sensing member has a shoulder which is engaged by the rightwardly extending ear 214-a. The ramp 220 of the highest order sensing slide210, i.e., the sensing slide aligned with the eleventh, or highest, order T-member 207, will lie under the As there can be no divisor factor in this order, the operation of the control shaft 180 will be effective to rock this highest order T-member forwardly (or counter-clockwise in Figs. 1 and 5) to initiate a right shift of the carriage, as explained in the first example above. The carriage will thereupon be shifted to the right in the same manner as outlined above, until the factors are in proper alignment, or until the carriage In the latter event, the operation of the override pawl 107 will be effective to operate lifter 251 and thereby lift the front end of the highest order T-member, so that it is raised to its centralized and inoperative upper position and all of the T-members to the right thereof are raised to the same inoperative position, and held long enough for the shift to terminate.

Another situation that can arise in a division problem a .is that the factors are properly aligned before the divi- .216. All T-members to the left thereof are lowered by .the force of their respective springs 208, upon the depression ofthe shaft 180, but as neither arm of the T is held upwardly by either a lever 216 or a sensing slide 210, they assume the lower centralized and inoperative position.

.Thus, all of the T-members are in a centralized and inoperative position, and therefore are ineffective to rock either theright shift control rod 221 or the left shift In that situation, the control slide 186 cannot be latched in its uppermost position, and will, therefore, be lifted by its spring 184 as soon as the cam 201 releases the hooked pawl 189, which occurs after about 90 of that shift cycle. Thereupon, the bellcrank '193 is enabled to rock to its normal position, releasing .the division key 111, removing block 202, and enabling the operation of the division mechanism as heretofore explained.

From the foregoing description of the present invention, it can be seen that I provide a direct division aligner that shifts directly to the right or left, as required, to bring the dividend and divisor into proper alignment at the outset of a division operation. While there is shown but a single preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that the same is illustrative of the invention and that the invention is capable of modifications and changes without departing from the spirit thereof or the scope of the following appended claims.

What, I claim is:

1. In a calculating machine having an ordinally arranged register, an ordinally arranged selection mechanism and means for shifting the registerin'either direction, the combination which comprises means for 20. initiating operation of saidshifting means for plural cycle shifting of said registertin either direction, means for sensing the highest significant nonzero setting in any order of said register, means'for sensing the highest significant nonzero setting in any order of the selection mechanism, and a control means operated by the joint operation of a coordinal pair of said sensing means for determining the direction of shift of said shifting means.

2. In a calculating machine having a carriage, a dividend register mounted in said carriage, means for shifting said carriage in either direction, a selection mechanism, means for transmitting a value determined by said selection mechanism into said register additively or subtractively, a division control mechanism operative to control operation of said value transmitting means and said shifting means to divide a value registered in said dividend register by a value set in said selection mechanism, a control key, means for sensing the order in which the highest significant nonzero value is registered in any order of the dividend register, means for sensing the order in which the highest significant nonzero value is registered in any order of the selection mechanism, a control means operated by the coordinal pair of said sensing means to condition the said shifting means to shift said carriage in either direction as determined by said sensing means and to terminate a shifting operation, means operated by said control key and effective to operate said control means, and means operable by said control means for delaying the operation of said division mechanism until termination of operation of said shifting means. I

3. In a calculating machine having an automatic division mechanism, a first factor receiving means for receiving a divisor factor, a second factor receiving means for receiving a dividend factor, mechanism for laterally shifting one of said factor receiving means in either direction relative to the other of said factor receiving means,

a normally inoperative member for initiating operation receiving means and operable to position said sensing members in one operative position, a dividend sensing means for sensing a dividend factor in the respective orders of said second factor receiving means and operable to position said sensing members in another operative position, means for positioning the lower orders of said sensing members relative to the operated position of the higher orders of said sensing members, a connecting means operated by said positioned sensing members and connected to the said shifting mechanism in a manner to control operation of said shifting mechanism, means operated by return of said sensing members to their inoperative position for terminating operation of said shifting mechanism, and a blocking means controlled by said control key for blocking said automatic division mechanism until termination of the shifting of said factor receiving means.

4. A calculating machine having an automatic division mechanism, a divisor factor receiving means, a dividend factor register means, mechanism for shifting said register in either direction, a means for terminating said shifting mechanism when said register reaches either of its terminal positions, a division control key, a mechanism controlled by said control key for initiating a division operation, a normally inoperative power-operated mecha- "nism controlled for operation by said controlkeyya sensing a zero or nonzero condition of the coordinal divisor factor receiving means and the dividend factor register means, a means for resiliently biasing each of said members to a first inoperative position, means for positioning said sensing members in one operative position when sensing a nonzero condition in the coordinal divisor receiving means and to another operative position when sensing a nonzero condition in the coordinal dividend register means and to a second inoperative position when sensing a nonzero condition in both the coordinal register means and the coordinal divisor receiving means, means for positioning the lower orders of said sensing members relative to the operated position of the higher orders of said sensing members, means controlled by said sensing members in their operative position for controlling the operation of said shifting mechanism, means controlled by said sensing members in their second inoperative position for operating said terminating means, means operated by said positioned sensing members for retaining said power-operated mechanism in an operative condition until operation of said terminating means to terminate operation of said shifting mechanism, a mechanism operated by said terminating means for restoring said positioned sensing members to their inoperative condition, and a blocking means controlled by the actuated power-operated mechanism and operable to retain said division mechanism in an inoperative condition until operation of said terminating means to terminate operation of the shifting operation.

5. In a calculating machine having an ordinally arranged selection mechanism settable to represent the digits of a divisor, a shiftable carriage, a register ordinally arranged in said shiftable carriage, means for entering the digits of a dividend into said register, means for shifting said register in either direction including a right shift drive and a left shift drive, an automatic divison mechanism, and a manually operable control key, a direct dividend-divisor aligning mechanism comprising ordinally arranged positionable shift sensing members, a normally inoperable means for operating said shift sensing members, a dividend sensing means for sensing the highest significant digit in said dividend register and operable to position the coordinal shift sensing member in a first operative position, a divisor sensing means for sensing the highest significant digit in said divisor mechanism and operable to position the coordinal shift sensing member in a second operative position, a normally inoperative shift control member adjustable to one position to control operation of said left shift drive and to another position to control operation of said right shift drive, a connecting means operated by the position of the highest operated shift sensing member for adjusting said shift control member, an initiating means controlled by said control key for operating said normally inoperable means, a latching means for latching said normally inoperable means in an operated position, means operated by the highest operated shift sensing member when simultaneously operated by both coordinal dividend sensing and divisor sensing means for adjusting said shift control member to its normal inoperative position and unlatching said latching means and a blocking means controlled by said control key for blocking the operation of said division mechanism so long as said normally inoperable means is in its operated position.

6. A calculating machine as defined in claim having also a means for automatically disabling said right shift drive or said left shift drive when said shiftable carriage reaches the respective terminal position, and mechanism ope-rated by said disabling means operable to restore said first positionable shift control member to terminate operation of said shifting means and thereby initiating an automatic division operation.

7. In a calculating machine having an ordinally arranged selection mechanism settable to represent the digits of a divisor, a shiftable carriage, a plurality of regs ister wheels ordinally arranged in said shiftable carriage, means for entering the digits of a dividend into said register wheels, means for ordinally shifting said carriage in one direction or another including a right shift drive and a left shift drive, an automatic division mechanism, and a control key operable to initiate the operation of said automatic division mechanism, a direct dividenddivisor aligning mechanism comprising the combination of means for sensing a zero or nonzero condition in each order of said selection mechanism, means for sensing a zero or nonzero condition in each order of said register wheels, a plurality of ordinally arranged rockable members for sensing a zero or nonzero condition in the coordinal pair of said selection mechanism and said register sensing means, means for resiliently biasing each of said rockable members to an inoperative position, said rockable members being positionable to a first unrocked inoperative position when the coordinal pair of said selection sensing means and said register sensing means senses a nonzero condition and to a second unrocked inoperative position when the coordinal pair of said selection sensing means and said register sensing means senses a zero condition, and in one rocked operative position when said coordinal selection sensing means senses a nonzero condition in said selection mechanism and in another rocked operative position when said coordinal register sensing means senses a nonzero condition in said register wheels, a normally inactive power-operated mechanism for operating said rockable members, overlapping means on each of said rockable members for positioning the adjacent lower order of said rockable members similar to the adjusted position of the highest order of said rockable members, a normally inoperative left shift control member operable to control operation of said left shift drive, a normally inoperative right shift control member operable to control operation of said right shift drive, a connecting member operated in one direction by the first rocked position of said rockable members for operating said left shift control member and operated in another direction by said rockable member in the second rocked position of said rockable member for operating said right shift control member, means operated by said rockable member in the rocked position of said rockable members for latching said power-operated mechanism in an operative condition, means operated by said rockable members in their unrocked inoperative position for disabling operation of said shift control members, means controlled by said control key for initiating the operation of said power-operated mechanism, and a blocking means controlled by said control key for blocking the operation of said division mechanism until the disabling of said shift control members.

8. In a calculating machine having a shiftable carriage, an ordinally arranged selection mechanism settable to represent a divisor value, a plurality of ordinally arranged numeral dials in said carriage, means for effecting registration of a dividend value in said numeral dials, means for shifting said carriage in either direction including a normally disengaged right shift clutch and a left shift clutch operable to control the operation of said shifting means, an automatic division mechanism, and a division key, the combination of a direct dividend-divisor aligning mechanism comprised of positionable sensing levers for sensing a zero or nonzero condition in each order of said selection mechanism, positionable sensing slides for sensing a zero or nonzero condition in each order of said numeral dials, a plurality of ordinally arranged T-members for sensing a zero or nonzero position in both of the coordinal levers and slides, a bar for positioning said T-members in an operative position, resilient means biasing each of said T-members in an operative posi tion relative to said bar, said T-members being rocked to one operative position when the coordinal sensing l'vr's sense a nonzero condition in said selection mechanisiii and rocked to another operative position when the coordinal sensing slides sense -a nonzero condition in said numeral dials, and remaining in a first unrocked and inoperative position when the coordinal pair of said sensing levers and said sensing slides both sense a nonzero condition and positionable to a second unrocked and inoperative position when the coordinal pair of said sensing levers and said sensing slides both sense a Zero condition, a positionable power-operating device for positioning said bar, underlying member cooperating with each of said T-members for positioning the adjacent lower order of said T-members in the same rocked position as the higher order of said T-members, a normally inoperative left shift control bail operated by said T-members and operable to control the operation of said left shift clutch, a normally inoperative right shift control bail operated by said T-members and operable to control'the operation of said right shift clutch, a first poweroperated coupling device associated With said left shift bail for operating said left shift clutch, a second poweroperated coupling device associated with said right shift bail for operatingsaid right shift clutch, an initiating 24 member operated by said division key for initiating operation of said positionable power-operated device, said right shift control bail and said left shift control bail being operable when operated to latch said positionable power-operated device in an operative condition and to unlatch said device when the operated bail returns to its inoperative position, a blocking member operated by said division key for blocking operation of said automatic division mec-hanism, and means operated by the release of said power-operated device for disabling said blocking member and thereby initiating operation of said automatic division mechanism upon termination of operation of the said shifting means.

9. In a calculating machine as defined in claim 8 having a mechanism for automatically disabling said right shift clutch and said left shift clutch when said carriage is shifted to either extreme end position, and a member operated by said disabling mechanism operable to return said operated T-members to the said first inoperative position whereby the operation of said shifting means is terminated and said automatic division mechanism is operated.

No references cited.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATION OF CORRECTION Patent No; 2;)565742 October 18 1960 I, James W Colvin It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 7 line 69 for "152" read me 142 column. 1O line 55, after "slides" insert 210 and line 72 for "keys," read me keys ll column ll line 1? strike out "order"; same line: after "slide" insert em 210 column 15, line 15, for "reading" read (reading column 18 line 66, for "has" read we had column 19, line 6 for "order" read orders line l2 for "the"highest" order" read the highest order column 22 line 73, for "operative" read me inoperative 0 Signed and sealed this 13th day of June 1961 (SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer I Commissioner of Patents UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATION OF CORRECTION Patent No; 2,95e 742 October 18, 1960 a James W o Colvin It is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Column 7 line 69 for "152" read 142 column l0 line 55, after slides insert 210 and line 72, for "keys read keys 11 column ll line 17 strike out "order"; same line, after "slide" insert me 210 column 15, line 15, for 'reading read me (reading column l8 line 66 for "has" read me had =-=3 column 19, line 6 for "order" read orders line l2 for "the"highest" order" read the highest order =-g column 22 line 73, for "operative" read rm inoperative Signed and sealed this 13th day of June 1961 (SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER DAVID L. LADD Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

